Quantum Dots

A Quantum dot is a quasi - zero dimensional nano - material, which contains a few atoms. Typical dimensions of Quantum Dots are of the order of a few nano meters. Generally speaking a quantum dot is below 100 nm in every dimension. It looks like a very tiny dot and therefore it is called a zero - dimensional system. The motion of electrons is consequently restricted in all three dimensions in a QD and this leads to what are called quantum confinement effects. Quantum Dots have discrete energy levels like in an atom. For this reason a QD is also called as an artificial atom. To understand the properties of Qd, quantum mechanics must be applied.

If the particles are free to move in one direction( upto infinity) and confined to move in other two dimensions( restricted to nm orders), such systems are known as quantum wires. If the particles are free to move in two dimensional plane and confined to move in other directions in a system, such systems are known as quantum wells.

Depends on dimensionality these systems have different density of states.

Density of states

General Hamiltonian for these systems is

Here V(r) is the effective potential including confinement potential.
There are different types of preparation techniques. QDs have wide variety of applications.
Website info:
Real time applications and more information about quantum dots can be obtained from the following website

Evident technologies 

Library:

1. Applied Quantum Mechanics by Walter A. Harrison
2. Single Quantum Dots , Fundamental, applications and new concepts by P.Michler
3. Current trends in quantum dots research by Peter A . Ling
4. Quantum dots by T. Chakraborty
5. Quantum dots research, technology and applications by Randolf W. Knoss
6. Self assembled quantum dots by Zhiming M. Wang
7. Advances in solid state physics by Rolf Haug

Most of these books can be downloaded from http://library.nu . For that you need to register. If you want to know current research especially theoretical research in quantum dots, then go for book number 2 (Peter A Ling which can be found in quantum dots by Peter A. Ling.